reinstall/README.md

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# reinstall
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[![Codacy Badge](https://app.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/dc679a17751448628fe6d8ac35e26eed)](https://app.codacy.com/gh/bin456789/reinstall/dashboard?utm_source=gh&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=&utm_campaign=Badge_grade)
[![CodeFactor](https://www.codefactor.io/repository/github/bin456789/reinstall/badge)](https://www.codefactor.io/repository/github/bin456789/reinstall)
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[![Lines of Code](https://tokei.rs/b1/github/bin456789/reinstall?category=code&style=flat)](https://github.com/XAMPPRocky/tokei_rs)
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一键重装脚本
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中文 | [English](README.en.md)
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## 亮点
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- 使用官方云镜像 (Cloud Image) 安装,可绕过传统网络安装的 [内存要求](https://access.redhat.com/articles/rhel-limits#minimum-required-memory-3),且安装速度更快
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- 支持 512M + 5G 小鸡,也支持 256M 小鸡安装 Alpine、Debian
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- 支持所有网络情况,包括动静态 IPv4/IPv6纯 IPv4/IPv6
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- 支持用官方 iso 安装 Windows
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- 支持 Windows 重装成 Linux也支持重装 Windows
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- 支持 BIOS、EFI、ARM
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- 原系统分区支持 LVM、Btrfs
- 支持安装 Alpine、Arch、openSUSE、Gentoo也可从这些系统安装
- 可通过 SSH、浏览器、串行控制台、后台 VNC 查看 DD、云镜像安装进度
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- 不含第三方链接和自制包,所有资源均实时从源站点获得
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- 有很多注释
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## 下载(当前系统是 Linux
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国外:
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```bash
curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh
```
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国内:
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```bash
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curl -O https://mirror.ghproxy.com/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh
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```
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## 下载(当前系统是 Windows
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[无法下载?](#如果-windows-下无法下载脚本)
请先关闭 `Windows Defender``实时保护` 功能。该功能会阻止 `certutil` 下载任何文件
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国外:
```batch
certutil -urlcache -f -split https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.bat
```
国内:
```batch
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certutil -urlcache -f -split https://mirror.ghproxy.com/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.bat
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```
## 使用
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所有功能均可在 Linux / Windows 下使用
- Linux 下运行 `bash reinstall.sh`
- Windows 下运行 `reinstall.bat`
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### 功能 1: 安装 Linux
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- 参数 `--ci` 表示强制使用云镜像安装
- 静态 IP 的机器安装 CentOS、Alma、Rocky、Fedora、Ubuntu必须使用 `--ci` 参数
- 如果不清楚机器是静态 IP 还是动态 IP也可使用 `--ci`
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```bash
bash reinstall.sh centos 7|8|9 (8|9 为 stream 版本)
alma 8|9
rocky 8|9
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fedora 38|39|40
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debian 10|11|12
ubuntu 20.04|22.04
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opensuse 15.5|tumbleweed
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alpine 3.16|3.17|3.18|3.19
arch
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gentoo
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不输入版本号,则安装最新版
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```
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参数:
```bash
--ci 强制使用云镜像
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```
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### 功能 2: DD
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- 支持 gzip、xz 格式
- 静态 IP 的机器 DD Windows会自动配置好 IP
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```bash
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bash reinstall.sh dd --img https://example.com/xxx.xz
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```
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### 功能 3: 重启到 Alpine 救援系统 (Live OS)
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- 可用 ssh 连接,进行手动 DD、修改分区、手动安装 Arch / Gentoo 等操作
- 如果没有修改硬盘内容,再次重启将回到原系统
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```bash
bash reinstall.sh alpine --hold=1
```
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### 功能 4: 重启到 netboot.xyz
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- 可使用后台 VNC 安装 [更多系统](https://github.com/netbootxyz/netboot.xyz?tab=readme-ov-file#what-operating-systems-are-currently-available-on-netbootxyz)
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- 如果没有修改硬盘内容,再次重启将回到原系统
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```bash
bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz
```
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![netboot.xyz](https://netboot.xyz/images/netboot.xyz.gif)
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### 功能 5: 安装 Windows ISO
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- 注意参数两边的引号
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```bash
bash reinstall.sh windows \
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--image-name 'Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2021' \
--iso 'https://drive.massgrave.dev/en-us_windows_10_enterprise_ltsc_2021_x64_dvd_d289cf96.iso'
```
- 现在脚本支持自动查找 Windows (含 LTSC) 和 Windows Server iso 链接
- 需设置语言 `--lang`,默认 `en-us`
- 查找源:<https://massgrave.dev/genuine-installation-media.html>
```bash
bash reinstall.sh windows \
--image-name 'Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2021' \
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--lang zh-cn
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```
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![Installing Windows](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/07c1aea2-1ce3-4967-904f-aaf9d6eec3f7)
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参数说明:
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`--image-name` 指定要安装的映像,不区分大小写,常用映像有:
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```text
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Windows 7 Ultimate
Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2021
Windows 11 Pro
Windows Server 2022 SERVERDATACENTER
```
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使用 `Dism++` 文件菜单 > 打开映像文件,选择要安装的 iso可以得到映像名称
![image-name](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/5aae0a9b-61e2-4f66-bb98-d470a6beaac2)
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1. 支持的系统:
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- Windows Vista 到 11
- Windows Server 2008 到 2022包括以下衍生版
- Windows Server Essentials
- Windows Server Annual Channel
- Hyper-V Server
- Azure Stack HCI
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2. 脚本会按需安装以下驱动:
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- KVM ([Virtio](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/))
- XEN ([XEN](https://xenproject.org/windows-pv-drivers/)、[Citrix](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/Upgrading_PV_drivers.html#win2008-citrix-upgrade)、[AWS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/xen-drivers-overview.html))
- AWS ([ENA 网卡](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/enhanced-networking-ena.html)、[NVME 存储控制器](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/aws-nvme-drivers.html))
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- GCP ([gVNIC 网卡](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/networking/using-gvnic)、[GGA 显卡](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/enable-instance-virtual-display))
- Azure ([MANA 网卡](https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/accelerated-networking-mana-windows))
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3. Vista (Server 2008) 和 32 位系统可能会缺少驱动
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4. 未开启 CSM 的 EFI 机器,无法安装 Windows 7 (Server 2008 R2)
5. 静态 IP 的机器,安装后会自动配置好 IP
6. 可绕过 Windows 11 硬件限制
7. 支持 Windows 11 on ARM仅限 Hyper-V (Azure) ,不支持 KVM (甲骨文云)
8. `zh-cn_windows_10_enterprise_ltsc_2021_x64_dvd_033b7312.iso` 此镜像安装后 `wsappx` 进程会长期占用 CPU
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这是镜像的问题,解决方法是安装 `VCLibs`
<https://www.google.com/search?q=ltsc+wsappx>
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9. 以下网站可找到 iso 链接
<https://massgrave.dev/genuine-installation-media.html> (推荐iso 来自官方,每月更新,包含最新补丁)
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<https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows8>
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<https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows10> (需用手机 User-Agent 打开)
<https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11>
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## 内存要求
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| 系统 | 传统安装 | 云镜像 |
| ----------------------------------- | -------- | ------ |
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| Debian | 256M | 512M |
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| Ubuntu | 1G | 512M |
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| CentOS / Alma / Rocky | 1G | 512M |
| Fedora | - | 512M |
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| openSUSE | - | 512M |
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| Alpine | 256M | - |
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| Arch | 512M | - |
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| Gentoo | 512M | - |
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| Windows 8.1 (Server 2012 R2) 或以下 | 512M | - |
| Windows 10 (Server 2016) 或以上 | 1G | - |
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## 虚拟化要求
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不支持 OpenVZ、LXC 虚拟机
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请使用 <https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation>
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## 默认密码
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| 系统 | 用户名 | 密码 |
| ------------- | ------------- | -------- |
| Linux | root | 123@@@ |
| Windows (iso) | administrator | 123@@@ |
| Windows (dd) | 镜像用户名 | 镜像密码 |
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如果远程登录 Windows 提示密码错误,尝试用户名 `.\administrator`
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## 如果 Windows 下无法下载脚本
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可尝试以下几种方法
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1. 关闭 Windows Defender 实时保护
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2. Windows 7 安装此补丁启用 TLS 1.2
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<https://aka.ms/easyfix51044>
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3. 更新 SSL 根证书
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```batch
certutil -generateSSTFromWU root.sst
certutil -addstore Root root.sst
```
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4. 手动下载,通过 `远程桌面` 复制这两个文件
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<https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.bat>
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<https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh>
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## 感谢
感谢以下商家提供白嫖机器
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[![Oracle Cloud](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/8b430ed4-8344-4f96-b4da-c2bda031cc90)](https://www.oracle.com/cloud/)
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[![DartNode](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/435d6740-bcdd-4f3a-a196-2f60ae397f17)](https://dartnode.com/)